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主动形式表被动意义的一些结构 1．系动词look, sound, feel, smell, taste, appear, seem, go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get, grow, keep + 形容词/名词构成系表结构。如： His plan proved (to be) practical. 他的计划被证明是可行的。 2．表示开始、结束、运动的动词。如begin, finish, start, open, close, stop, end, shut, run, move 等。 Work began at 7 o’clock this morning. 今天上午七点开始工作。 3．表示主语的某种属性特征的动词。如read, write, act, iron, cut draw, drive, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, cook, lock, shut, dry, eat, drink。这类动词一般不单独使用，常用一个修饰语。如： This coat dries easily. 这种外衣容易干。 4．少数动词用于进行时，其主动形式表示被动含义。如print, cook, fry, hang, build, make。 如： The books are printing. 这本书正在排印中。 5．介词in, on, under 等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义 表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之义，其意义相当于该名词相应的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。 常见的有：under control (受控制)，under treatment (在治疗中)，under repair (在修理中)，under discussion (在讨论中)，under construction (在施工中)，beyond belief (令人难以置信)，beyond one’s reach (鞭长莫及)，beyo nd one’s control (无法控制)，beyond our hope (我们始料不及)，for sale (出售)，for rent (出租)，in print (在印刷中)，in sight (在视野范围内)，on sale (出售)，on show (展出)，on trial (受审)，out of control (控制不了)，out of sight (超出视线之外)，out of one’s reach (够不着)，out of fashion (不流行)。如：The building is under construction (is being constructed). 大楼正在建设中。 His honest character is above all praise. ( = His honest character cannot be praised enough.) 他诚实的品格再怎么赞美也不为过。 1．Father ________ for London on business upon my arrival, so I didn’t see him. A. has left B. left C. had left D. was leaving 2．Tom, our manager, ________ for American in two days and he has asked me to find out when the earliest plane ________ next Sunday. A. is leav ing; takes off B. will leave; is taking off C. is to leave; is going to take off D. leaves; will take off 3．The first thing you must remember is that in order to succeed, it is almost compulsory that you ______ optimistic. A. be B. are C. must be D. have been 4．President Xi Jinping urged that officials and public figures _________by example and _______ good values among Chinese citizens, especially the younger generation. A. leads, promotes B. led, promoted C. lead, promote D. have led, promoted 5．Mr. Baker including some tourists ______ the Great Wall before, so they headed for the Forbidden City. A. has gone to B. have gone to C. has been to D. have been to 6．—Excuse me,which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wa rs.Wehere for more than two hours. A.waited B.wait C.would be waiting D.have been waiting 【答案与解析】 1．C【解析】C句意：父亲在我抵达之前就为了商务动身去了伦敦，所以我没看见他。父亲动身去伦敦这个动作是在我到达之前发生的，即是我没看见他这件事情之前发生的。因此用过去完成时。 2．A【解析】试题分析：考查动词时态和语态。句意：汤姆，我们经理两天后要去美国，他叫我查明下周日最早的飞机什么时候起飞。第一空用现在进行时表示一般将来时，第二空是按时刻表即将做…,用一般现在时表示一般将来时。选A。 3．A【解析】试题分析：考查固定句式。It is necessar y/ c ompulsory/important/strange that 主语+(should)+动词原形+其他。句意：你必须记住的第一件事 就是为了成功你一定要乐观。故选A。 4． C【解析】试题分析：考察should的用法和时态。该句是一个表语从句,凡是主句中有以 5．C【解析】试题分析：C；考查主谓一致。当主语后有with，together/along with，including，like，except等词时，谓语动词应和前面的主语在人称上和数上保持一致。此句的主语是Mr. Baker，是一个单数形式，所以谓语动词也要用单数形式，排除B，D；has/have been to表示“曾去过”，说明有某种经历；has/have gone to表示“已去某地(在途中或已经到达目的地) ”。句意：贝克先生包括一些游客之前去过了长城，所以他们前往了故宫。故选C 6．D【解析】试题分析：题目考查时态。句意：--打扰了，你在等哪一部电影？--在等着看《星球大战》，我们已经等了两个多小时了。for+时间段，与完成时连用，根据语境可知，说话的时候仍然在等，因此用现在完成进行时，故选D。 
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